Varicose veins - Pathological stretching of peripheral veins walls, accompanied by the failure of the valve apparatus and violation of the local blood flow.The altered vessels look extended, winding, draft in the form of surface nodes.The main part of the lesion are the veins of the lower extremities.The first patient's appeal can be limited to a cosmetic malfunction in the form of vascular networks.Against the background of the disease advancement, a sense of severity in the legs and convulsions is joined. Varicose veins, mostly bother women more often.The most common localization are subcutaneous veins of legs, a little less often - hips.There is a group of factors in causing pathological stretching of the vascular wall: from external influences, which end with genetic predisposition.It is worth getting to know the causes of varicose veins on your feet.
Causes of varicose veins
There is a persistent expansion of vascular lumens against the background of the valve device disorders.The composition of the venous walls includes connective tissue, which, with excessive stretching, cannot be reduced to its original state.Symptoms of varicose veins hit by lower extremities progress: The blood moving with stretched vessels is subjected to stagnation, carrying out even more pressure on them.This, in turn leads to a violation of the trophies of the surrounding tissues.
Basic
The causes of varicose veins are numerous and can be combined with each other.Leading factors include:
- Characteristics of physical activity.Varicose veins are often found in men engaged in constant weight lift (drivers).People associated with extended standing on their feet (hairdressers), sitting position (office workers) are also subject to disease.
- Obesity.Applied to a significant number of overweight.
- Hormonal changes.For example, causes of varicose veins in women are reducing vascular tons during pregnancy against the background of progesterone production, taking any medications medications.
- Heredity.Cases of inheritance of the structure of the binding tissue structure, which increase the likelihood of caring for varicose veins.
Secondary
And the characteristics of lifestyle and some types of diseases may worsen the violation of the blood flow of blood.Secondary causes of varicose veins:
- Unknown shoes, symptoms of varicose veins in women (severity in legs, cramps, vascular network) - a common consequence of a longer walk in high heel.
- Excessively narrow clothing.
- Irrational sports (lifting bar).
- Diseases of internal bodies and systems-varicose veins due to heavy chronic cardiovascular failures.
- Arteriovenous Shunts are pathologically transmitting arterial blood to the venous channel.
- Education that presses on the surrounding ships.
- Stress, due to the general disorder of the control of tons of arteries and veins.
Phase
The varicose on the lower extremities is not at the same time a pathology, but a gradual development process.A few types of classifications are used in medical practice.
The simplest and lowest shares of 3 degrees:
- Fee - small cosmetic defects without characteristic complaints.
- Submoppested - Progress of stagnation, development of classic symptoms.
- Decompensation - Association of varicose vein complications.
Demand among experts is a clinical classification developed in 2000. years.Varicose veins on their feet include 4 phases:
- Varicose veins of subcutaneous or intradermal veins, which are not accompanied by a violation of venous blood discharge.
- Segmental varicose veins with discharge of venous blood in the veins of the lower extremities (superficial).
- Extensive varicose veins with the same discharge as in the previous phase.
- Discharge of venous blood into deep vessels.
Symptoms
The clinical course of varicose veins directly depends on the stage of the disease.In the early stages of the complaints, they only apply to external shortcomings in the form of vascular networks and stars on their feet.The following symptoms are later joined:
- Varicose veins, appearance of vascular subcutaneous nodes.
- Feeling of gravity, fast fatigue.
- Swelling of the lower extremities, often asymmetric.
- The syndrome of pain, to seizure, especially expressed at the end of the day.
Varicose veins, if you do not start treatment, can continue to cause metabolic disorders in the surrounding tissues.Initially, it will appear in the form of dryness, skin pigmentation.In the decompensation phase, trophic ulcers that are difficult to heal.
Which doctor deals with varicose vein treatment
If symptoms occur, doubts in the presence of varicose veins on their feet, you should consult with an expert.The specialist will determine the severity of the disease and prescribe the conservative treatment.If there are indications for surgery, the doctor directs the patient on the vascular surgeon.
Diagnostics
To determine the fact of the disease, an ordinary examination of the doctor is sufficient.In order to explain the phase of varicose veins and determining therapeutic tactics, these research methods use:
- Clinical, biochemical blood test - are included in the standard minimum.
- Ultrasonic Dopplerography is a vessel's patency assessment, a general state of blood flow.
- Ultrasonic duplex scan - combines standard tissue ultrasound.
- Revasography is an estimate of the level of hemodynamics of limbs.
- Angiography is an invasive radiological study based on the introduction of contrast in the vessel.
Treatment
Varicose veins on their feet are pathology in the fight against which an integrated approach is needed.The type of treatment depends on the disease phase.At the initial phases, they are limited to the prescription of medicines and non-invasive procedures.With the advancement of varicose veins, they resort to surgery.
Medications
Numerous medications may be considered not only as part of conservative therapy, but also as preventive medications for preventing varicose veins or its complications.Funds are produced in several forms: fats, gels for outdoor use, tablets, capsules.Taking any medicine should be agreed with a doctor.Leg pain, swelling with varicose veins - symptoms that are successfully moving on conservative therapy in early stages.Basically, use drugs with tonic, anticoagulant, moderate anti -infalmaturable effects.Treatment, as a rule begins with the following means of local impact:
- With sodium heparin.
- Combined.
Procedures
The treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities is based on the following mechanisms: improving the regional blood flow through physical activity, artificial drying of blood vessels by external compression or complete overlap of the win.
Non-invasive methods:
- Therapeutic gymnastics.
- Wearing the Cup of Compression.
Invasive procedures:
- Sclerotherapy.It is based on the introduction of a substance with adhesive properties.The blockage vessel turns off from total blood flow.Manipulation is marked with initial symptoms of varicose veins of the lower extremities.Not suitable for removing too many big knots.
- Ozonotherapy.On the principle, it is similar to the previous methodology.Introduction of ozone helps fight vascular stars.
National methods
The use of this category requires a mandatory conversation with the doctor present.Folk recipes can reduce the symptoms of varicose veins, but not completely cured.For this reason, they should be considered an auxiliary agent.
Examples of recipes:
- Put 3 apples in boiling water, cover the lid and leave 4 hours in the heat.Drink softened apples, leave in a pan, mix.Strain.Add honey (1 tablespoons. Bucket) to the resulting solution before use).Take semi-views before eating.
- Grease with horse chestnut.Proportions - 5 Chestnut fruits, 5 teaspons of his flowers, 500 ml of base (vegetable oil or oil jelly).Grind raw materials, mix all components.A place in a water bath, do not hold for more than 3 hours.Strain.
Surgery
Surgical treatment is the possibility of choice in cases where therapeutic methods of combat varicose veins are not effective.Several surgical techniques are currently developed that differ in the degree of invasiveness.Types of procedures in increasing the scope of surgical intervention:
- Laser coagulation of the grilled leg.It is divided into endovar and contactless.In the first case, we are talking about the installation of a laser coagulator in Lumen affected vessels under local anesthesia, in another - about the use of lasers without hurting skin integrity.The purpose of the methodology is to "acquire" the affected area.Suitable for cases when varicose veins do not exceed 10 mm in diameter.
- Flebectomy.It is a radical surgical method of removing varicose veins.The treatment is based on direct removal of affected vessel.It is performed under general anesthesia in working conditions.
Complications
What are varicose veins on their feet?This is the original Low Commission, left to serious complications while progressing.Should be understood that swollen veins are a potential threat to general health.
Flebitis
It's an inflammation of the venous wall.Flebios is caused by her excessive stretching and, as a result, microtraw of the inner lining of the vessel.It is the most common complication of varicose veins located on their feet.As a rule, the symptoms are manifested asymmetric.The first appeal that can be placed on suspicion appearance of boring pain hurts, intensifies when touching on the affected area.The place of inflammation is tight, leather becomes hyperemean, warm in contact.With the development of acute phlebitis, the pain becomes worse, unbearable, the lid over the sick place takes the bright red color.
Thromboflebitis
The above complications of varicose veins generally occur below.The mechanism appears to form a blood clot in the inflamed part of the vein.Flotting thrombbus is especially dangerous.One part is attached to the vascular wall, and others fluctuate freely in the lumen in the rhythm of blood flow."Tail" formed from the waist that varicated varicose veins risk to tear and take a heart to heart.The symptoms of thrombophlebitis vein of the lower extremities are similar to the signs of phlebitis.Hypertermia, coolers and weakness can be further joined by them.Given the potential risk of such a situation, in the presence of these appeals, you should consult a doctor as quickly as possible.
Flebotromboza
A complication of varicose veins caused by a hit of thrombus in lumen deep veins.Symptoms directly depend on the location of the clot blood.If, for example, it was formed at the body muscle level, the feeling of cracking will be upset, swelling will expand to the ankle.Edem and pain syndrome are distributed in the lower dust when the blood panel enters the venous network at the level of the abdominal cavity.Flebotrombose is often difficult to diagnose.The symptoms of this complication of varicose veins often have a lubricated clinical picture, and the pathology is manifested already in the form of any lifestyle.With timely detection of complications, the doctor cannot be resorted not only to conservative, but also in surgical treatment.
Pulmonary artery thromboembolism (lung)
The blood clot, which was torn from the venous wall, moves the right parts of the heart, and then pushes into the pulmonary artery, causing the blockade of its branches.Depending on the caliber of the affected vessels, the flow of pathology varies from asymptomatic to acute, lightning lights quickly.Body signs:
- Sudden shortness of breath - the patient "catches" air with the mouth, like a fish.
- Tachycardia.
- Algically syndrome is characterized by pain such as a heart attack.
- General weakness.
- Increasing the temperature to suberel numbers (37-38 ° C).
- Blue skin, left shade.
- Cough.
- Position.
This consequence of varicose veins is life - requires and requires emergency measures.Treatment is done in the revival department.In addition to the above complications, other consequences of varicose veins can occur:
- The trophic ulcers are one of their latest symptoms of varicose veins.
- Bleeding from a broken vein.
- Dermatitis.
Prevention
The disease can be warned even before the symptoms of varicose veins appear.Prevention measures include:
- Competent distribution of physical activity.Alternatively walking is recommended.With a high predisposition for varicose veins, it is worth turning off the raising of heavy loads, work associated with extended standing on your feet.
- Wearing comfortable shoes and clothes.The permissible height of the heel does not exceed 4 cm.
- Correcting body weight.Normal weight is an indicator that significantly reduces the likelihood of varicose vein symptoms.
- Use of compression clicks (as prescribed by the doctor).If a sense of seriousness appears, fatigue in legs on the background of physical activity, a job associated with extended standing, we are talking about laundry 1. Degrees compression.
- Foot massage (only in the absence of expressed varicose veins).Can be performed independently.
What are varicose veins?This is a stretch of the walls of peripheral veins, whose phenomenon is associated with the characteristics of lifestyle.In the initial phases, it creates the illusion of "harmlessness".However, the underestimation of gratitude of varicose veins is full of complications that is difficult to eliminate.With the help of simple preventive measures, you can prevent not only the pathology itself, but also avoid its distant dangerous consequences.